Application description of precision forging machine

Precision forging machine is a kind of fast precision forging equipment. It is a short stroke press with several symmetrical hammer heads to forge metal billet with high frequency. The hammer has two kinds of movement: (1) The eccentric shaft driven by the motor drives the connecting rod to make the hammer reciprocating movement for forging; (2) The adjusting mechanism adjusts the position of the connecting rod through the eccentric sleeve and changes the opening size of the hammer head to obtain different forging sizes. During forging, the billet is sent to the forging press box by the chuck of the manipulator for reciprocating forging press. Loading, unloading and conveying are manually or automatically controlled in the control room. The first small vertical precision forging machine was made at GFM in Austria in 1948. After continuous improvement, the precision forging machine is gradually enlarged and serialized. The forging pressure of each hammer of the precision forging machine is 15 ~ 2500 tons, and it strikes 2000 ~ 125 times per minute. The diameter of the forging billet is 20 ~ 850mm. The precision forging machine developed from manual and semi-automatic to automatic control, and then developed to computer control in the 1970s. There are two types of precision forging machine, vertical and horizontal. Vertical precision forging machine is limited in forging diameter and length, so it is difficult to realize automatic control.

Precision forging machine is mainly composed of forging press box, gear box, A chuck, B chuck, hammer adjustment device, conveying roller table, tipping device and electrical, hydraulic, compressed air, cooling water and other systems.

The number of hammer strokes per minute of the precision forging machine is twice that of the fast forging hydraulic press. Because of the high number of hammer strokes, the heat generated by the deformation of the billet can compensate for the heat lost to the environment, so the temperature change in the processing process is small. It is very suitable for the production of high alloy steel, titanium alloy or refractory alloy with narrow processing temperature range, and ensures the quality of products. The increase of the total deformation rate of billet in a single heating will also improve the productivity and yield. CNC forging can ensure higher accuracy of products, dimensional tolerance up to ±1mm, reduce the machining allowance of subsequent processes. However, if the forged workpiece is long, it is easy to deform during heat treatment and needs to be corrected. There are many countries in the world in metallurgy, machinery manufacturing, national defense industry using precision forging machine to produce alloy structural steel, high strength alloy steel, titanium alloy and refractory alloy products. Different types of precision forging machines are used to forge the ingot or billet into bars with round, square and rectangular sections, or into rotating symmetry axes, solid and hollow step axes, taper axes, thick-wall tubes, gun tubes, etc. In order to expand the range of products, some countries adopt the combined operation of hydraulic forging press and precision forging machine, and some adopt the combined operation of large and small precision forging machine. Since 1970s, the precision forging process has been developed into the precision forging and rolling process, and the precision forging and rolling unit is created, which is composed of a continuous precision forging machine with multiple hammer heads and several rolling mills behind it. It is mainly used in alloy steel mills to produce small bars.

this is open die forging produced by tongxin precision forging